NYSA Antik Kenti Şehir Planlaması

Makale Türkçe Sosyal Bilimler× Tarih× Arkeoloji×

Künye:

Yazarlar:

Doç.Dr. Serdar Hakan ÖZTANER Ankara Üniversitesi Dil Tarih Coğrafya Fakültesi Klasik Arkeoloji Anabilim Dalı

Ekle

Emeği Geçenler:

Ekle

Yayın Yılı:

2018

Yayınlandığı Eser:

Yarının Kentleri

Cilt:

Sayfa Aralığı:

İçerik Dosyası:

Web adresi:

http://https://www.academia.edu/38053730/NYSA_Antik_Kenti_%C5%9Eehir_Planlamas%C4%B1_Urban_Planning_in_the_Ancient_City_of_NYSA

Operatör:

İhsan Turhan

Güncelleyen:

İhsan Turhan

Özet:

Nysa’s urban planning is harmonious with its topography. In this respect, this paper aims to evaluate the relationshipof the city’s urban planning with its environment using the buildings and street system unearthed during archaeo- logical excavations. Archaeological excavations have revealed signicant information about the urban planning and development of the ancient city of Nysa, located in the Sultanhisar district of Aydın province. The city’s rst detailed topographical planwas prepared in 1907 and 1909 by W. von Diest. The orthogonal street system was identied during the excavations in 1990-2010, directed by V. İdil. New excavations led by the Aydın Museum Directorship under the scientic adviceof S. H. Öztaner resulted in new information on Nysa’s street system and urban planning.Nysa was founded in the Hellenistic period and lies to the north of Maiandros / Büyük Menderes river, on the fertile basin created by the river, on the southern slope of the Mesogis/Cevizli mountain. The city is situated on the “Eas-tern Road” that was extensively used during the Roman Empire period and spans from the Asian provincial capitalEphesos/Selçuk and continues to Apameia/Dinar, serving as the main transportation and commercial route betweenthe Western Anatolian coastline and its hinterland.Excavated buildings mainly date to the Roman, late Roman and Byzantine periods. The Hellenistic period buildingsthat date to the foundation of the city lie beneath the Roman and Byzantine period buildings. Trained in Nysa, Strabo(64-21 BC), the geographer from Amaseia/Amasya, dened the city in his Geographia as a double city on the slopeof Mesogis divided by a gorge created by torrential stream. Among the buildings that Strabo mentions are a bridge, a gymnasium, a theatre and a stadion on the west side as well as an agora and a gerontikon on the east side, which should date to the Late Hellenistic – Early Roman Period.Undoubtedly, the most remarkable buildings that reect the architectural and engineering character of the Roman period, and which are built in harmony with the topography, are the stadion, a tunnel and three bridges that connectthe two sides of the city. Two of these bridges are built on the northern and southern sides of the stadion while theother is situated on the northern end of the tunnel located southeast of the theatre.Insula dimensions in Nysa were identied by measuring the distances between the excavated streets. They revealthat all buildings in this topographically challenging city were constructed on rectangular insulae measuring 58,80 m x 116,80 m, i.e. 200x400 Roman feet. The short sides of the insulae are formed by north-south aligned streetswhile the long sides are formed by east-west aligned streets. The east-west aligned colonnaded main street, whichconnects the two sides of the city through a bridge, has a monumental and ceremonial character